Journal: Biology of Sex Differences

Article Title: Sex differences in disease severity and immune responses in murine and human inflammatory arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13293-026-00840-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Male CIA mice exhibit higher disease severity compared to females. Male and female CIA and saline control mice were monitored for disease severity and assigned clinical scores from day 21 after the first CII challenge until the end of experiment (day 29). (A) Line graphs representing the mean clinical scores of mice starting from day 1 to day 29. On day 29 after the first CII challenge, mice were euthanized by cardiac puncture under anesthesia for blood and serum collection and storage at −80 °C. Serum concentrations of (B) anti-mouse collagen type II antibodies (left panel) and anti-bovine collagen type II antibodies (right panel) were analyzed by ELISA. N = 5 mice per group. One of two independent experiments. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the statistical difference between the lines. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test was used to determine the statistical significance between the groups. (*/ # p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.005 and ***/ ### p ≤ 0.0005). In Fig. 1A, # significance of comparisons between CIA and saline control mice; *significance of comparisons between sexes of CIA mice

Article Snippet: Serum levels of mouse anti-collagen antibodies (autoantibodies) and bovine anti-collagen antibodies (antibodies to the immunizing antigen) were determined by ELISA using a Mouse Anti-mouse Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit and Mouse Anti-Bovine Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit, respectively, according to the manufacture’s protocol (Chondrex Inc. WA, USA).

Techniques: Saline, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: The FASEB Journal

Article Title: Amelogenin Null Mice Develop Osteoarthritis, While Its Application Mitigates Disease Phenotypes in a Rat Model

doi: 10.1096/fj.202500827R

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical analyses of the knee joints from 12‐month‐old amelogenin‐null and wild‐type mice. Representative images of immunohistochemistry for type II collagen (A, C) and matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) (B, D) in wild‐type (WT) (A, B) and amelogenin‐null (C, D) mice. Amelogenin‐null mice exhibited reduced type II collagen levels and increased MMP‐13 expression compared to wild‐type mice. These changes were accompanied by cartilage destruction and the presence of hypertrophic chondrocytes (black arrowheads). Enlarged pictures were taken from the regions marked with black frames. Brown staining indicates positive expression of type II collagen or MMP‐13. Scale bars: 250 μm for overall images; 62.5 μm for enlarged images.

Article Snippet: Indirect immunohistochemistry was performed using primary antibodies directed against type II collagen (AM26374PU‐N, ORIGENE) or matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13; TA321485, ORIGENE).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Immunohistochemistry, Expressing, Staining